FILE PHOTO: A combination file photo shows Wells Fargo, Citibank, Morgan Stanley, JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, JPMorgan, and Goldman Sachs from Reuters archive Reuters
This is a preview of The Next Generation of Banking research bundle from Business Insider Intelligence.
The banking industry is in a much healthier place now than it was after the financial crisis of 2008. Total global assets climbed to $124 trillion in 2018, according to The Banker’s Top 1000 World Banks Ranking for 2018.
With so much money to manage, major banks such as JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Wells Fargo, and more are releasing new features to attract new customers and retain their existing ones. On top of that, startups and neobanks with disruptive technologies are breaking into the scene, and traditional banks are either competing with them or merging with them to improve their service.
So let’s dive into the banking industry, the challenges it faces, and the road ahead.
Banking Industry Trends
The most prevalent trend in the banking industry today is the shift to digital, specifically mobile and online banking (more on each of those in a bit). In today’s era of unprecedented convenience and speed, consumers don’t want to have to trek to a physical bank branch to handle their transactions. This is especially true of Millennials and the older members of Gen Z, who have started to become the dominant players in the workforce (and the biggest earners).
This digital transformation has led to increased competition from tech startups, as well as consolidation of smaller banks and startups. In 2018, overall fintech funding hit $32.6 billion by the end of Q3, up 82% from 2017’s total figure of $17.9 billion, according to CB Insights.
Mobile Banking
To be frank, mobile banking is all but a requirement for consumers at this point. In Business Insider Intelligence’s Mobile Banking Competitive Edge Study in 2018, 89% of respondents said they use mobile banking, up from 83% in 2017.
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When broken down by generation, 97% of millennials use it (up from 92% in 2017) 91% of Gen Xers (up from 86%) and 79% of Baby Boomers (up from 69%). Critically for the banks themselves, 64% of mobile banking users said that they would research a bank’s mobile capabilities before opening an account, and 61% say they would change banks if their bank offered a poor mobile banking experience.
But we’ve now reached the point where simply having a mobile app isn’t enough for banks to attract and keep customers. Additional tools and features – such as the ability to put temporary holds on cards, view recurring charges, or scanning a fingerprint to log into an account – are becoming increasingly necessary. Take a look at the chart to the right to see how valuable these features and more are to consumers.
Online Banking
Online banking is extremely convenient, and is understandably one of the two main ways that consumers interact with their banks (along with mobile banking). But there is still a significant contingent of banking customers who want physical branches.
Despite an overwhelming reliance on digital banking channels overall, and the resulting decline in branch visits, consumers have maintained a preference for depositing checks in-branch, according to a recent Fiserv study. More than half (53%) of respondents said their top reason for visiting a branch in the past month was to deposit a check, compared with 41% who went to withdraw cash, and 36% who went to deposit cash.
Still, there’s no denying the rising prevalence of online banking, which has led to other innovations such as open banking. This system, implemented in the U.K., involves sharing customers’ financial information electronically and securely, but only under conditions that customers approve.
Open banking forces lenders to offer a digital “fire hose” of data that any third party can use to get standardized access — provided the startup is registered with the UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and the customer agrees to share their data.
Investment Banking
Investment banking is a type of financial service in which a person or company advises individuals, businesses, or even governments on how and where to invest their money. For decades, this has been a human-to-human process that led to a mutually beneficial relationship.
But now, with the rise of robo-advisors, artificial intelligence (AI) is starting to infiltrate the money management space. Predictive analytics can help investors make wiser and more profitable decisions before the market moves. AI can, in some cases, also help identify M&A targets. Lastly, AI can help validate an investment banker’s hypothesis and lead to more informed future decisions.
Banking as a Service (BaaS)
Because of tight regulations (particularly in the U.S.), not everyone can just open a bank. This is where banking as a service (BaaS) comes in to fill the gap.
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BaaS platforms enable fintechs and other third parties to connect with banks’ systems via APIs to build banking offerings on top of the providers’ regulated infrastructure. So, launching BaaS platforms helps banks benefit from fintechs entering the finance space, as it turns them into customers rather than just competitors.
While BaaS technically falls under the umbrella of open banking, it shouldn’t be confused with the aforementioned Open Banking system in the U.K. Open banking encompasses all actions in which a bank opens its APIs to third parties and gives those players access to data or functionality. The UK’s Open Banking focuses on providing third parties with data from incumbent banks, while BaaS looks at how these players can get access to banks’ services.
Banking Regulations
Banking is involved in almost every aspect of American life, from consumers to businesses to stocks. Because of this, the federal government has instituted numerous regulations on the banking industry, though the severity of those restrictions has waxed and waned in the last decade.
After the financial crisis of 2008, the Obama administration enacted the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act in 2010. Dodd-Frank overhauled the U.S. financial regulation system in the aftermath of the crash. The most sweeping and impactful changes from the act included:
The elimination of the Office of Thrift Supervision
The creation of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) to protect consumers against abuses and unfair practices tied financial services and products such as credit cards and mortgages
The reassignment of responsibilities for agencies such as the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
The creation of the Financial Stability Oversight Council and the Office of Financial Research to analyze potential threats to U.S. financial stability
The expansion of the Federal Reserve’s powers to regulate particular institutions
In 2018, current President Donald Trump signed into law the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act (EGRRCPA), which rolled back some of the Dodd-Frank changes. Specifically, EGRRCPA raised the threshold under which the federal government deems banks too important to the financial system to fail from $50 billion to $250 billion.
It also eliminated the Volcker Rule (a federal regulation that largely forbade banks from conducting particular investment activities with their own accounts and restricted their dealings with hedge funds and private equity funds) for small banks with less than $10 billion in assets.
Despite the rollbacks, it’s still difficult in the U.S. to get a banking license, which has hampered some banking startups. On the other hand, this has increased mergers and acquisitions activity. As a result, regulation will be a key focal point for the banking industry in the coming years.
Banking Industry Analysis
With so many different facets of the banking industry undergoing change, it’s crucial for those connected to the banking industry to be informed and stay ahead. That’s why Business Insider Intelligence is launching Banking, our latest research coverage area, to keep you up to date on the latest banking trends and shakeups.
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